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The Evolution Site The theory of natural selection as the underlying principle of evolution is the central force in the field of modern biology. It brings together disciplines such as microbiology, palaeontology, genetics and palaeontology. However the study of evolution is often controversial and the resulting misinformation can confuse people about the fundamentals of evolution. This site can help to clarify the fundamental concepts. What is Evolution? Modern evolutionary theory focuses on the gradual and cumulative changes that occur in populations over time. These changes are the result of natural selection, which increases the number of organisms who have traits that are beneficial and enable them to live and reproduce in a specific environment. These organisms produce more offspring as a result of the beneficial traits. This could cause a genetic change which could eventually lead to new species. The term “evolution” is often associated with the notion of “survival of the fittest,” which means that people who are the most adapted to a particular environment will be more successful than those who aren't adapted to the environment. This is only one of the many ways that evolution can happen. Another way of using the term “evolution” is to suggest that species are able to move from one stage to the next. This view of evolution can be described as anagenetic or cladogenesis. The definition of evolution that scientists have developed does not support this view. The evolutionary theory that scientists have developed changes focuses on the changes that occur in populations over time. These changes are the result mutations which result in natural selection and genomic variation. Certain scientists, including the great Charles Darwin, advocated this theory of evolution. Others, such as Alfred Russel Wallace, who created the macroevolution theory, believed that this was the only way the higher forms of life could have evolved from the lower ones. For a concept to be referred to as a theory, it has to be capable of surviving rigorous tests and evidence. The evidence of evolution has stood the test of time and has been supported by numerous studies in various scientific disciplines, from biology to geology, chemistry to astronomy. Evolution is a cornerstone of science and is believed by a majority of scientists across the world. However, there are many misconceptions about the nature of the theory of evolution, specifically the relationship it has with religion. What is the Theory of Evolution (Evolutionary Theory)? 에볼루션 사이트 is the scientific explanation for the way living things change over time. It is based on a range of well-established observations that show that more offspring are produced than can possibly survive in the long run; that individuals differ from one another in their physical characteristics (phenotype) and that various traits confer varying rates of reproduction and survival and can be passed on to future generations. These findings are backed by a growing amount of evidence from molecular biology, palaeontology and climatology functional geology, morphology. Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace independently conceived the theory of evolution based on selection in the mid-19th century as a way to explain how organisms adapt to their physical and biological environments. It is now the best-supported and most extensively tested theory in the field of science. Its predictions have been borne out by the fact that, for example more complex organisms tend to have less genetic mutations than simpler ones. In addition the more efficient an organism is in surviving and reproducing, the more likely it will be to pass its genes to future generations. Some people oppose evolution based on the belief that it implies that there is no purpose to life. Many scientists who are religious, like the Cambridge palaeontologist Simon Conway Morris (BioLogos, 2014) believe that evolution is compatible with faith in God and can even be enhanced by it. Many highly qualified evolutionary biologists have been involved in developing and testing the theory of evolution, including several highly respected evangelical Christian leaders. Many of these scientists contributed to the understanding a vast array of phenomena, such as genomics and phylogenetics and also the formation and function of fossils. The word “theory”, which is often misused is a reference to a scientific hypothesis that has been tested and refined over a period of time. Scientists test hypotheses by repeating the experiments or observations that led them to the conclusion. Therefore the theory of evolution theory has been repeatedly confirmed, as have the corresponding theories of Copernican theory as well as atomic theory and germ theory. What is the Process of Evolution? The process of evolution is a gradual change in the genetic makeup of different individuals within a particular species over time. This is the result of the natural selection of individuals who are better adapted to their environment. The individuals who are more adapted have higher chances of reproduction and survival. As more individuals survive and reproduce their genes are more common in the general population. This is often called “survival of the most fittest.” According to the theory of evolution the mutations that cause genetic variation are the basic material of evolutionary change. These mutations can occur at random or under the influence of the environment. When mutations are random, the resulting allele frequencies may differ from generation to generation. If a mutation is beneficial it can increase the frequency of the allele and cause the allele to spread throughout the population. Over time, these changes in allele frequencies could result in the creation of new species. The new species will grow and evolve into new forms. This process is called macroevolution. The formation of new species is usually caused by changes in the environment which make certain resources available or creates new environmental challenges. For example, the evolution of finches in the Galapagos Islands is a result of the availability of various foods and the need to defend themselves from predators. In a larger sense the term “evolution” refers to any change that takes place in the nature of organisms over time. The change could be subtle, like the development of a new color or a dramatic change, such as the formation of an organ. Scientists who believe in the theory of evolution generally agree on the significance of genetic changes in the process of generating evolution. They also agree that the process of evolution happens over a long time, typically millions of years. However, they differ on the importance of different factors in accelerating or retarding this process, such as the impact of environmental pressures, sexual selection, and mutation bias. Despite these differences scientists believe that evolution is happening and that the evidence for this is overwhelming. What is the Evidence of Evolution? Throughout the years since Darwin's time, scientists have gathered evidence that supports Darwin's theory of evolution. Some of this evidence is derived from fossils which reveal the changing traits of organisms through time. Additional evidence can be found in similarities between living organisms embryology, biogeography, genetics and comparative anatomy. The evolutionary tree is the best method to prove the existence of evolution. It demonstrates how species are related. Homologous structures are another proof. They share a common structure, but they perform different functions in different species, for instance, the wing of a bird or bat. Evolution is evident in the way that different species adapt and develop to similar environments. For instance, arctic-foxes and Ptarmigans sport white seasonal pelts that blend into the snow and ice. This is a type of convergent evolution that suggests that the species has common ancestral ancestors. The vestiges of structures are another source of evidence. These are parts of an organism that could serve a function in the past. For instance the human appendix is a vestige of a once-used organ that served to digest food. Natural selection causes these structures to shrink as they are no longer utilized. Scientists have also gathered additional evidence for evolution through observation and experimentation. The evidence for evolution is divided into six categories: directly observable small-scale changes, biogeographic patterns, comparative anatomy, the fossil record, classification and genetics. Each of these categories provides solid evidence for the evolution of life. Many people are misinformed about the theory of evolution. However, it's an actual fact. It is not a theory but a powerful collection based on decades of observation. Scientists continue to gather and analyze new data to better understand the arc of the Earth's life regardless of whether people believe in the theory of evolution or not. This information will aid scientists understand how to prevent future catastrophes on the planet and how to make the most of the resources on our planet. This information will also allow us to better meet the needs and desires of all the people living on this planet.